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December 5, 2017

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Recent Publications

Green Transitions in Africa–Europe relations: What role for the European Green Deal?

Europe–Africa relations are facing a double challenge – the COVID-19 pandemic puts social and economic systems under strain at a point when the consequences of the climate crisis are being increasingly felt on both continents. Within Africa and Europe, debates have started about recovery measures to address the pandemic’s short and medium-term socio-economic consequences. A key question in these debates is how to “build back better” and use the crisis to promote green transitions and move towards more sustainable development pathways.
A new multilateralism for the post-COVID world: What role for the EU-Africa partnership?

Multilateralism has been in trouble for a while, particularly at the global level. Yet, the European Union (EU) and its member states have remained among its staunchest supporters.In their June 2019 Council Conclusions, EU leaders drew the outlines of a common European vision to uphold, extend and reform the multilateral system. Against an increasingly complex and contested geopolitical backdrop, these goals were further developed in the recent EU Communication on Multilateralism, published in February 2021.
Mind the Gap? Sketching the relevance of the 2030 Agenda for the Green Deal and other key EU policies in the context of the COVID-19 crisis

The consequences of COVID-19 will shape European policies and politics for years to come. Europe is lacking behind particularly on the SDGs related to agriculture, climate change and biodiversity and in strengthening convergence of living standards across EU member states. The pandemic has made these SDGs even more difficult to achieve by 2030, and could derail progress on other SDGs as well.
Strengthening the digital partnership between Africa and Europe

Digitalisation is the use of digital technologies and digitised data in enterprises and organisations, with far-reaching implications for how work gets done and how customers engage and interact with operations. There can be no doubt that digitalisation is transforming business models, revolutionising societies and creating new revenue streams around the globe. Now, more than ever, we need to understand and harness the power of digitalisation, to further the global common good.
Advancing EU-Africa cooperation in light of the African Continental Free Trade Area

The current policy brief lays out the obstacles to both AfCFTA implementation and realisation of its full economic potential. It also explores how the EU can engage in providing targeted support and how to strengthen AfCFTA-related cooperation between Africa and the EU. The analysis and recommendations draw on a review of the literature and policy documents by the German Development Institute (DIE), the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET) and the European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM), as well as two online expert seminars on 17 and 24 June 2020.
European fear of ‘missing out’ and narratives on China in Africa

The ETTG note debunks some of the dominant myths surrounding Chinese engagement in Africa and unpacks the evolving relationship between China and the African continent. It starts by looking closer at common European perceptions about China-Africa relations. It then provides a brief sketch of the historical underpinnings of China’s engagement in Africa. Afterwards, it looks at how the notion of competition with rising global powers like China has influenced the EU’s relations with African partners.
EU humanitarian aid: Caught between nexus and independence

This brief analyses current issues in the EU’s humanitarian aid and makes recommendations for responding to the challenges ahead. Specifically, it addresses the tensions between the Commission’s ambition to be a geopolitical actor and to better respond to multidimensional crises through a ‘nexus approach’ and the strong needs-based humanitarian assistance the EU provides. The analysis is based on a structured review of academic and policy sources, complemented by interviews with Brussels-based humanitarian aid policymakers.
How can the European Union help developing countries address the socioeconomic impacts of the coronavirus crisis?

With the global economy going into a steep recession, developing countries are facing considerable financing shortfalls. Confronted with its most severe crisis since WWII, Europe needs to adopt a global perspective, as it cannot successfully address it in isolation. There is a moral imperative to help vulnerable people in distress and foster global solidarity to prevent catastrophic outcomes.
An Agenda for Europe in the World

In this ‘Agenda for Europe in the World’, we share concrete proposals for the new EU leadership, focusing on nine key domains where the EU can make a difference.
Financing human development and the ending of extreme poverty in Africa

The reduction and eradication of poverty has long been the primary goal of EU development cooperation. As the new European Consensus on development stated in 2017, “eradicating poverty, tackling discriminations and inequalities and leaving no-one behind are at the heart of EU development cooperation policy.”This briefing note draws on previous ODI research to examine how the EU could play a more effective role in ending extreme poverty in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by better targeting support for human development in the poorest countries. Key messages If past growth and inequality trends continue, growth alone is expected to halve poverty rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by 2030. But this still means that 340 million people will be left behind in extreme poverty. As many of them live in countries that are vulnerable to conflict and climate change, this may understate the future extent of extreme poverty. Interlocking investments in the three key human development sectors, i.e. education, health and social protection, could end extreme poverty in SSA by 2030. But many SSA countries cannot yet afford to invest on the scale required, even if they maximise tax revenues. If all the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors met the UN target for Official Development Assistance (ODA), i.e. 0.7% of gross national income (GNI), and provided half of this to least developed countries (LDCs), there would be sufficient funds to end extreme poverty in SSA. The EU as a whole has reduced its aid as a percentage of GNI over the last two years and there has been no significant change in the proportion provided to LDCs over the last four years. This is despite clear commitments in the new European Consensus on Development to increase both ratios. Aid delivered through EU institutions is particularly poorly targeted, with an OECD DAC peer review in 2018 noting that only 27% went to LDCs. Moreover, the EU as a whole is not doing enough to target its aid on human development, which accounts for only 14% of its total ODA. The share of aid delivered by EU institutions is particularly low, at only 10%. This is despite the 20% target for human development set in the current Multi- annual Financing Framework (MFF) and which has also been proposed for the next MFF. And even the 20% target is way below the 50% share that ODI estimates is needed to end extreme poverty. A clearer focus in the next MFF on ending extreme poverty in SSA by targeting aid better at LDCs and human development would not only transform the lives of millions, it could also help reconnect EU citizens with EU aid. Read the full paper here. Authors: Marcus Manuel (ODI) and Stephanie Manea (ODI). Photo courtesy of The Department for International Development (DFID) via Flickr.