The domestic political orders in the MENA countries are going through a period of crisis and restructuring. Since mass protests spread from Tunisia and Egypt to other countries in the region in 2011 a number of worrying trends have affected the forms and functions of states, regimes, contentious actors and collective identities. These trends can be considered as part of a broader process of hybridization of domestic political order-making in the MENA region, namely a process in which the political order-making in the region occurs according to new and hybrid patterns that transcend or escape the processes, concepts and categories known in the past and described in the existing academic literature.

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